#drnajeeb #medicines #medicaleducation #drnajeeblectures #cardiology #rheumaticfever Rheumatic Fever & Heart Disease - Part 7/7 Like this video? Sign up now on our website at https://www.DrNajeebLectures.com/ to access 800+ Exclusive videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. These are premium videos (NOT FROM YOUTUBE). All these videos come with English subtitles & download options. Sign up now! Get Lifetime Access for a one-time payment of $99 ONLY! Sign up now on our website at https://members.drnajeeblectures.com/#!/register-fast --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why sign up for premium membership? Here's why! Membership Features for premium website members. 1. More than 800+ Medical Lectures. 2. Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. 3. Mobile-friendly interface with android and iOS apps. 4. English subtitles and new videos every week. 5. Download option for offline video playback. 6. Fanatic customer support and that's 24/7. 7. Fast video playback option to learn faster. 8. Trusted by over 2M+ students in 190 countries. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 00:00:00 Introduction 00:00:55 Streptococcus Microbiology 00:03:39 Streptococcus And Immune Response 00:05:21 Rheumatic Fever Pathogenesis --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a streptococcal throat infection. Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and occasionally a characteristic non-itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. The heart is involved in about half of the cases. Damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD), usually occurs after repeated attacks but can sometimes occur after one. The damaged valves may result in heart failure, atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves. Rheumatic fever may occur following an infection of the throat by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. If the infection is left untreated, rheumatic fever occurs in up to three percent of people. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve the production of antibodies against a person's own tissues. Due to their genetics, some people are more likely to get the disease when exposed to the bacteria than others. Other risk factors include malnutrition and poverty. Diagnosis of RF is often based on the presence of signs and symptoms in combination with evidence of a recent streptococcal infection. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics, such as penicillin, decreases the risk of developing rheumatic fever. In order to avoid antibiotic misuse this often involves testing people with sore throats for the infection; however, testing might not be available in the developing world. Other preventive measures include improved sanitation. In those with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, prolonged periods of antibiotics are sometimes recommended. Gradual return to normal activities may occur following an attack. Once RHD develops, treatment is more difficult. Occasionally valve replacement surgery or valve repair is required. Otherwise complications are treated as usual. Valvular heart disease is any cardiovascular disease process involving one or more of the four valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left side of heart and the pulmonic and tricuspid valves on the right side of heart). These conditions occur largely as a consequence of aging, but may also be the result of congenital (inborn) abnormalities or specific disease or physiologic processes including rheumatic heart disease and pregnancy. Anatomically, the valves are part of the dense connective tissue of the heart known as the cardiac skeleton and are responsible for the regulation of blood flow through the heart and great vessels. Valve failure or dysfunction can result in diminished heart functionality, though the particular consequences are dependent on the type and severity of valvular disease. Treatment of damaged valves may involve medication alone, but often involves surgical valve repair (valvuloplasty) or replacement (insertion of an artificial heart valve). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Join this channel to get access to perks: Sign up now on our website at https://members.drnajeeblectures.com/#!/register-fast null Follow us on Facebook :- https://www.facebook.com/DrNajeeb/ Follow us on Instagram :- https://www.instagram.com/drnajeeblectures/