Extra footage at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ue9LHv4XXBQ - Featuring Ayliean MacDonald. More links & stuff in full description below ↓↓↓ More about Ayliean MacDonald: https://linktr.ee/Ayliean Ayliean videos on Numberphile: https://bit.ly/Ayliean_Playlist Knots Playlist: http://bit.ly/Knot-a-Phile Numberphile is supported by the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI): http://bit.ly/MSRINumberphile We are also supported by Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation initiative dedicated to engaging everyone with the process of science. https://www.simonsfoundation.org/outreach/science-sandbox/ And support from The Akamai Foundation - dedicated to encouraging the next generation of technology innovators and equitable access to STEM education - https://www.akamai.com/company/corporate-responsibility/akamai-foundation NUMBERPHILE Website: http://www.numberphile.com/ Numberphile on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/numberphile Numberphile tweets: https://twitter.com/numberphile Subscribe: http://bit.ly/Numberphile_Sub Videos by Brady Haran Editing and animation in this video by Pete McPartlan Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/numberphile Numberphile T-Shirts and Merch: null Brady's videos subreddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/BradyHaran/ Brady's latest videos across all channels: http://www.bradyharanblog.com/ Sign up for (occasional) emails: http://eepurl.com/YdjL9