We explore the precise measurement and machining of small distances and their importance on modern industrial society. The history of the meter and distance measurements are explained as well as intuitive examples of small distances given, moving from mm scales to the realm of microns. Further, we discuss some of the engineering issues that emerge as we try to machine at smaller tolerances such as fitment, assembly, and thermal expansion. SUPPORT NEW MIND ON PATREON https://www.patreon.com/newmind