See a millennium of European history from the rise of Rome to the year 1000 A.D. with flags. Also see the rise and fall of many other empires such as the Romans, Bulgarians, Franks, Avars, and the Byzantines. While seeing many other kingdoms such as the Germanic kingdoms, and many others. A few notes: Some flags such as the Frankish Flag, Lombard Flag, Visigothic Flag, Odoacer's flag, Kingdom of Italy's flag, Byzantine flag, (610) etc. are my educated guesses based on symbolism from that era. The black, and white standards are standards used by the Islamic Caliphates, and many other Islamic emirates, and empires. So in 756, the Umayyad Caliphate isn't restricted to stay in Spain, it splits and becomes the Emirate of Cordoba. The Fihrids in northern Africa was conquered by the Abbasid Caliphate, but later they split and became the Aghlabids. In the 900s, the white flag in Africa isn't the caliphate of Cordoba conquering the area, that is supposed to be the Fatimid Caliphate. The Norwegian, Swedish, and Danish Kingdoms are represented with their royal standards. The concept of a national flag didn't exist back then, these flags were often symbols of the ruling dynasty of a certain kingdom or empire. The states of the Holy Roman Empire is shown with the imperial standard. Thank you if you read this. Music: Ben Hur: Parade of the Charioteers Gustav Holst: Mars, the Bringer of War Vangelis: Conquest of Paradise Johan Hynynen: Battle Kevin MacLeod: Five Armies Five Armies Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ #flags #history #europe Sources: Other YouTube history channels The map used in this video comes from the blank atlas. Other main sources: Wikipedia, FOTW, and other various websites.