Shortform link: https://shortform.com/artem My name is Artem, I'm a computational neuroscience student and researcher. In this video we talk about theta rhythm - a rhythmic pattern of brain activity (4-12 Hz), which is essential for memory encoding and retrieval. REFERENCES (in no particular order): 1. Hummos A, Nair SS. An integrative model of the intrinsic hippocampal theta rhythm. Lytton WW, editor. PLoS ONE. 2017 Aug 7;12(8):e0182648. 2. Ferguson KA, Chatzikalymniou AP, Skinner FK. Combining theory, model and experiment to understand how theta rhythms are generated in the hippocampus 2017 3. Drieu C, Zugaro M. Hippocampal Sequences During Exploration: Mechanisms and Functions. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 Jun 13;13:232. 4. Speers LJ, Cheyne KR, Cavani E, Hayward T, Schmidt R, Bilkey DK. Hippocampal Sequencing Mechanisms Are Disrupted in a Maternal Immune Activation Model of Schizophrenia Risk. J Neurosci. 2021 Aug 11;41(32):6954–65. 5. Foster DJ, Wilson MA. Hippocampal theta sequences. Hippocampus. 2007 Nov;17(11):1093–9. 6. Backus AR, Schoffelen JM, Szebényi S, Hanslmayr S, Doeller CF. Hippocampal-Prefrontal Theta Oscillations Support Memory Integration. Current Biology. 2016 Feb;26(4):450–7. 7. Pastalkova E, Itskov V, Amarasingham A, Buzsáki G. Internally Generated Cell Assembly Sequences in the Rat Hippocampus. Science. 2008 Sep 5;321(5894):1322–7. 8. Quiroga RQ, Reddy L, Kreiman G, Koch C, Fried I. Invariant visual representation by single neurons in the human brain. Nature. 2005 Jun;435(7045):1102–7. 9. Colgin LL. Mechanisms and Functions of Theta Rhythms. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2013 Jul 8;36(1):295–312. 10. Buzsáki G, Moser EI. Memory, navigation and theta rhythm in the hippocampal-entorhinal system. Nat Neurosci. 2013 Feb;16(2):130–8. 11. Buzsaki G. Rhythms of the Brain. 12. Colgin LL. Rhythms of the hippocampal network. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016 Apr;17(4):239–49. 13. Goutagny R, Jackson J, Williams S. Self-generated theta oscillations in the hippocampus. Nat Neurosci. 2009 Dec;12(12):1491–3. 14. Buzsáki G, Tingley D. Space and Time: The Hippocampus as a Sequence Generator. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 2018 Oct;22(10):853–69. 15. Buzsáki G. Theta Oscillations in the Hippocampus. Neuron. 2002 Jan;33(3):325–40. 16. Skaggs WE, McNaughton BL, Wilson MA, Barnes CA. Theta phase precession in hippocampal neuronal populations and the compression of temporal sequences. Hippocampus. 1996;6(2):149–72. 17. Hasselmo ME, Stern CE. Theta rhythm and the encoding and retrieval of space and time. NeuroImage. 2014 Jan;85:656–66. 18. Wang Y, Romani S, Lustig B, Leonardo A, Pastalkova E. Theta sequences are essential for internally generated hippocampal firing fields. Nat Neurosci. 2015 Feb;18(2):282–8. 19. Reddy L, Self MW, Zoefel B, Poncet M, Possel JK, Peters JC, et al. Theta-phase dependent neuronal coding during sequence learning in human single neurons. Nat Commun. 2021 Dec;12(1):4839. OUTLINE: 00:00 Introduction 00:48 Brain waves 01:18 Generation of theta rhythm 04:37 Functions of theta wave 08:13 Forming an integrated representation 11:05 Sequential organization 14:50 Phase precession 17:49 Conclusion 18:32 Sponsor message 19:36 Outro CREDITS: Icons by https://biorender.com/, https://www.flaticon.com/