How much do you know about the discoveries awarded the 2023 Nobel Prizes? Take our one-minute crash course on each of the prizes and find out how each have changed our world (for the better.) The Nobel Prizes award those who “have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. Originated by inventor, scientist and businessman Alfred Nobel, today six prizes are announced every October – in physics, chemistry, medicine or physiology, literature, peace and economic sciences.